*Disclaimer: Materials provided on this website are not the standard for classwork. Follow your instructor, textbook and class material as the final guidelines.

Prof. Penrod's Lecture Notes:

Supplemental Lecture and Lab Resources:

Properties of Water
Water: Chemistry and Properties, Part 1
Water - Liquid Awesome: Crash Course Biology #2
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis and respiration
Chloroplast 
Biology Lab || Plant Growth
Carbon Cycle 3D Video
The Cell Membrane
Cell membranes
Natural Selection
Examples of Natural Selection
Natural Selection
Natural Selection
Classification
Classification of Life
Biological Levels
What is DNA?
Structure and function of DNA
DNA Replication
DNA replication - 3D
DNA and RNA Part 1
DNA and RNA Part 2
DNA vs RNA (Updated)
Enzymes
Enzymes: Nature's Factory Workers
Protein Synthesis (Updated)
From DNA to protein - 3D
Transcription and Translation
Transcription and Translation Overview
Cell Biology | DNA Transcription
Cell Biology | Translation: Protein Synthesis
Cell Biology | DNA Replication
The Cell Cycle (and Cancer) [Updated]
Mitosis
Biology Lab || Mitosis
Phases of Mitosis
Mitosis 3d Animation |Phases of Mitosis|Cell Division
Mitosis and Meiosis with Beads
Meiosis - Plants and Animals
Meiosis
Phases of meiosis
Genetics
Genetics Practice Problems
Meiosis Simulation Lab with beads
Mitosis Beads Activity
Biology Lab || Plant Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
Non-Mendelian Traits
Alternation of generations
Probability in Genetics: Multiplication and Addition Rules
DNA, Chromosomes, Genes, and Traits: An Intro to Heredity
Chromosome Numbers Demystified
What are Chromosomes?
Chromosomal Inheritance
Alleles and Genes
Chromosomes and Karyotypes
Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, Polygenic Traits, and Epistasis!
A Beginner's Guide to Punnett Squares
Punnett Squares and Dihybrid Crosses
Dihybrid and Two-Trait Crosses
Monohybrids and the Punnett Square Guinea Pigs
Multiple Alleles (ABO Blood Types) and Punnett Squares
Punnett Squares and Sex Linked Traits
Pedigrees 
Solving pedigree genetics problems 
Chi Square Test and Genetics Problems 
Chi-squared Test
Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
Sex lives of Nonvascular Plants
Transport across cell membranes
Protists and Fungi
Bacteria (Updated)
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Angiosperm Life Cycle

Dissections:

Earthworm Dissection
Detailed Earthworm (Annelid) Dissection (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Detailed Clam (bivalve, molluscs or mollusks) Dissection (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Detailed Crayfish Dissection: Part I (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Detailed Crayfish Dissection: Part II (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Biology Lab || Crayfish Dissection
Biology Lab || Sea Star Dissection
Sea Star Model
Detailed Sea Star (starfish) Dissection: Part I (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Detailed Sea Star (starfish) Dissection: Part II (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Best Perch Dissection: Part I - External (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Best Perch Dissection: Part II - Internal (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Biology Lab || Perch Dissection
Best Frog Dissection: Part I - External (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Best Frog Dissection: Part II - Internal (Jr. High, High School and College Review)
Biology Lab || Frog Dissection - Part 1
Biology Lab || Frog Dissection - Part 2
Biology Lab || Frog Dissection - Part 3